The Effectiveness of Tangerang Mayor Regulation Number 111 of 2022: An Analysis Based on Lawrence M. Friedman’s Legal System Theory

Abstract

Plastic waste has become an increasingly serious environmental problem in Tangerang City, particularly due to the extensive use of single-use plastic bags in traditional markets, shopping centers, supermarkets, and restaurants. As a regulatory response, the Tangerang City Government enacted Tangerang Mayor Regulation Number 111 of 2022 concerning Restrictions on the Use of Plastic Bags. This study employs a normative-empirical legal research method using a statutory approach. The findings indicate that the implementation of Tangerang Mayor Regulation Number 111 of 2022 has not yet been optimal. From the perspective of legal substance, ambiguity remains regarding the “gradual” implementation of the policy in traditional markets. In terms of legal structure, public dissemination and regulatory supervision by the local government remain insufficient, resulting in a limited understanding among business operators of their obligation to use environmentally friendly shopping bags. From the perspective of legal culture, the prevailing public preference for free plastic bags and economic considerations among traders constitute major factors contributing to the low level of compliance with the regulation. The study concludes that the effective implementation of Tangerang Mayor Regulation Number 111 of 2022 requires stronger integration among legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. Accordingly, strengthened public dissemination, consistent regulatory supervision, and greater collaboration among the local government, market administrators, business operators, and the public are necessary to achieve the intended reduction in plastic waste.